django-rest-framework使用

Python django-rest-framework

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 2020/09/11   Share

前言

记录一下django-rest-framework使用,方便自己查询

安装

使用pip安装

针对python版本以及django版本要求

Python (3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8)
Django (2.2, 3.0)
1
pip install djangorestframework

添加rest_framework应用到 INSTALLED_APPS 配置中

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'rest_framework',
]

定义Serializers 序列化器

添加模型类

我们在应用下添加一个模型类

from django.db import models
# Create your models here.

class Depart(models.Model):
    titel = models.CharField(verbose_name="标题", max_length=32)
    count = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="人数")

定义一个 `serializers.py` 的模块

from app01 import models
from rest_framework import serializers


class DepartSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Depart
        fields = "__all__"

其中fields字段可以通过列表的方式指定

from app01 import models
from rest_framework import serializers


class DepartSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Depart
        fields = fields = ['titel', 'count']

编写`view`视图

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from serializers import DepartSerializer


# 需要继承rest_framework的APIView
class DepartView(APIView):
    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        ser = DepartSerializer(data=request.data)
        if ser.is_valid():
            ser.save()
            return Response(ser.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(ser.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        pk = kwargs.get('pk')
        if not pk:
            result = models.Depart.objects.all()
            ser = DepartSerializer(instance=result, many=True)
            return Response(ser.data)
        else:
            result = models.Depart.objects.get(id=pk)
            ser = DepartSerializer(instance=result, many=False)
            return Response(ser.data)

    def delete(self, request, pk):

        models.Depart.objects.filter(id=pk).delete()
        return Response("删除成功")

    def put(self, request, pk):
        depart_object = models.Depart.objects.filter(id=pk).first()
        if not depart_object:
            return Response("数据不存在")

使用 `generics` 快速生成接口

from rest_framework import generics
class SnippetList(generics.ListCreateAPIView, generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    queryset = models.Depart.objects.all()
    serializer_class = DepartSerializer