解决django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting INSTALLED_AP...

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 2021/11/08   Share

报错描述

在单独写脚本或者其他需要与Django交互的功能时, 通常会调用 django.setup() 而有时候, 可能一不留神就报错了

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/daphne", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(CommandLineInterface.entrypoint())
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/daphne/cli.py", line 170, in entrypoint
    cls().run(sys.argv[1:])
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/daphne/cli.py", line 232, in run
    application = import_by_path(args.application)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/daphne/utils.py", line 12, in import_by_path
    target = importlib.import_module(module_path)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "./opsbackend/asgi.py", line 8, in <module>
    from consumer import routing
  File "./consumer/routing.py", line 4, in <module>
    from . import consumers
  File "./consumer/consumers.py", line 4, in <module>
    from apps.hosts.models import Hosts
  File "./apps/hosts/models.py", line 3, in <module>
    from apps.business.models import Business
  File "./apps/business/models.py", line 5, in <module>
    class Business(models.Model):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 103, in __new__
    app_config = apps.get_containing_app_config(module)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 252, in get_containing_app_config
    self.check_apps_ready()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 134, in check_apps_ready
    settings.INSTALLED_APPS
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 79, in __getattr__
    self._setup(name)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 64, in _setup
    % (desc, ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE))
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting INSTALLED_APPS, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.

问题解决

原本代码如下:

# mysite/asgi.py
import os
import django

from channels.http import AsgiHandler
from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter
from consumer import routing

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'settings')
django.setup()
application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
    "http": AsgiHandler(),
    # Just HTTP for now. (We can add other protocols later.)
    "websocket": AuthMiddlewareStack(URLRouter(routing.websocket_urlpatterns))
})

在原本的代码中, 我当时并没有仔细看到有什么问题。实际上, 设置环境要比导入其他模块提前才行.

也就是说, 需要在os模块下面, 就需要执行 os.environ.setdefault和django.setup(). 否则就会出现错误.

正确顺序

# mysite/asgi.py
import os
import django
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'settings')
django.setup()
from channels.http import AsgiHandler
from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter
from consumer import routing


application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
    "http": AsgiHandler(),
    # Just HTTP for now. (We can add other protocols later.)
    "websocket": AuthMiddlewareStack(URLRouter(routing.websocket_urlpatterns))
})

原文作者：Momo

原文链接：https://mo.xmomo521.top/2021/11/08/解决django-core-exceptions-ImproperlyConfigured-Requested-setting-INSTALLED-APPS-but-settings-问题/

发表日期：November 8th 2021, 3:01:27 pm

更新日期：December 21st 2021, 3:32:58 pm

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1. 报错描述
2. 问题解决
1. 2.1. 正确顺序

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